{"id":1608,"date":"2025-03-12T12:58:04","date_gmt":"2025-03-12T12:58:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/?page_id=1608"},"modified":"2026-03-10T14:11:17","modified_gmt":"2026-03-10T14:11:17","slug":"1-amputees-limb-difference","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/1-amputees-limb-difference\/","title":{"rendered":"1: Amputees"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Coaching Considerations - Amputees\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/1168158920?h=f6f6b22412&amp;dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>An amputee cannot generate a muscular force to cause the prosthetic joint to rotate other joints. Most frequently, the player\u2019s hips must work significantly harder to enable the motion of a golf swing. For instance, a lower-limb amputee will not be able to push the leg from the ankle; instead, they will pull the leg from the hip. This change in harnessing \u2018Ground Reaction Force\u2019 can influence impact factors and subsequent ball flight patterns. Be aware of the positioning of the amputation, above or below the knee and above or below the elbow, as this can significantly influence mobility and elicit changes in movement patterns for golf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Trail Leg Player without Prothesis\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3ddfOsntqxc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Manuel de Los Santos (France) &#8211; Trail Leg player without prothesis <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"JPLeadLegFront\" width=\"563\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/vzX58eMhtCo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Juan Postigo (Spain) &#8211; Lead leg player without prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"JPLead Leg DTL\" width=\"563\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1ZEur4fzKyc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Juan Postigo (Spain) &#8211; Lead leg player without prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Lead Leg Player with Prothesis\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nMqNvsF0Hbo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>James McParland (Ireland) &#8211; Lead leg player with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">Prosthetic limbs mimic actual limbs and put simply, the coaching techniques you usually use are an excellent place to start, but you might have to adapt as you would in any golf coaching scenario..<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">Ask the player if they had played golf prior to the amputation. This will help them modify their golf DNA to adapt to the amputation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">Note in the various videos included in this section the difference in the movement patterns between the players with and without a prosthesis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">If the participant is limited by their prosthesis, work with them on alternative exercises \u2013 keep the approach simple and seek advice from the prothesis manufacturer to advise on \u2018golf specific\u2019 adjustments which may assist the player.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">Participants may use stump socks or liners to help fit the residual limb into the socket (like wearing socks in shoes). Participants will sweat in the socket, which can become swollen and uncomfortable, so give them time to change or remove their prosthesis during the session if necessary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Treating stump and phantom limb pain<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stump and phantom limb pain will usually improve over time, but treatments are available to help relieve the symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Medicines<\/strong> &#8211; Medicines that may be used to help&nbsp;relieve pain include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/nsaids\/\">non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)<\/a>, such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/ibuprofen-for-adults\/\">ibuprofen<\/a>, anticonvulsants such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/pregabalin\/\">pregabalin<\/a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/gabapentin\/\">gabapentin<\/a>, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>antidepressants such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/amitriptyline-for-depression\/\">amitriptyline<\/a>, or nortriptyline, which are useful in treating nerve pain -opioids such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/codeine\/\">codeine<\/a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/morphine\/\">morphine<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/steroids\/\">corticosteroid<\/a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/local-anaesthesia\/\">local anaesthetic<\/a>&nbsp;injections.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Self-help measures and complementary therapy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are several non-invasive techniques that may help relieve&nbsp;pain in some people. They include:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol style=\"list-style-type:video\" class=\"wp-block-list wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<li>Adjusting the way the prosthesis fits to make it more comfortable, massage&nbsp;to increase circulation and stimulate&nbsp;muscles, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/acupuncture\/\">acupuncture<\/a>&nbsp;is&nbsp;thought to stimulate the nervous system and relieve pain<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/transcutaneous-electrical-nerve-stimulation-tens\/\">transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)<\/a>, which uses a small, battery-operated device to deliver electrical impulses to the affected area of the body, to block or reduce pain signals.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mental imagery<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Research&nbsp;has shown&nbsp;that people who imagine using the part of their limb that was amputated experience a reduction in pain symptoms. This may be related to the central theory of phantom limb pain. Researchers think the brain looks to receive feedback from an amputated limb, and these mental exercises may provide an effective substitute for this missing feedback.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another technique, known as mirror visual feedback, involves using a mirror to create a reflection of the other limb. Some people find that exercising and moving their other limb can help relieve phantom pain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">Provide seating and introduce regular rest intervals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">Some athletes may wish to participate without a prosthesis \u2014let your golfer explore this option if requested, as the player can occasionally develop more sequenced golf motion patterns without.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">To develop particular ball flight and \u2018match up\u2019 motion patterns, don\u2019t be afraid to switch the player from playing from the trail leg to playing from the lead leg\u2014simply by allowing them to experiment with right and left-handed clubs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">Find out what the participant can do or what may be preventing them from participating (e.g., self-confidence, socket fit, pain, technology).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Leg\/Lower Limb Function<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lead Leg Function<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Lead Leg Player - Driver Front\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-cBQX4ONyiQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Lead Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Lead Leg Player Driver DTL\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/CLf6hObVCC0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Lead Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Lead leg player Driver DTL232\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QZGHUqw-kZk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Lead Leg player<\/em> &#8211;<em> with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Lead leg player Driver Front232\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wB5jxQgZE2E?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Lead Leg player<\/em> &#8211;<em> with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"MWLeadLegIronFront\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/f_kvticdiX4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Lead Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"MWLeadLegIronDTL\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/k1deYYJlKpw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Lead Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Prosthetic limbs are not suitable for everyone who&#8217;s had an amputation because an extensive course of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/physiotherapy\/\">physiotherapy<\/a>&nbsp;and rehabilitation is required. Adjusting to life with a prosthetic limb&nbsp;takes a considerable amount of energy because of having to compensate for the loss of muscle and bone in the amputated limb. This is why frail people or those with a serious health condition, such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/coronary-heart-disease\/\">heart disease<\/a>, may not be suitable for a prosthetic limb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Description &#8211; <em>A prosthesis is an artificial device used to replace all or part of a missing limb. Prostheses are often used by someone who has experienced limb loss due to injury, accident, or illness, but they can also be used by someone with a congenital condition that results in a limb difference. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Unlike knee or hip replacements (&#8220;endoprostheses&#8221;), which are implanted in the patient&#8217;s limb, prostheses are worn by the user by attaching it to their residual limb. While not everyone with a limb difference or limb loss needs a prosthesis, the right device can empower users in many different ways. Keep reading to learn more about how.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>The basic purpose of a prosthetic device is to restore the functionality and mobility of a missing limb, making it easier to take part in daily activities, hobbies, work tasks, and more. Prostheses can also improve users\u2019 quality of life, empowering them to be as active as they want and are able to be \u2013 whether that means moving safely around their house or being a high-performance athlete. For people who have experienced a limb loss, a prosthetic device can also help reduce the emotional impact of an accident or injury.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>There are many types of prostheses, from simple devices like mechanical or body powered devices to complex, high-tech ones that mimic the movement and functionality of a natural limb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If an individual is able to have a prosthetic limb, the type of limb that&#8217;s recommended for will depend on:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the type of amputation <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the amount of muscle strength in the remaining section of the limb<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>general health<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tasks the prosthetic limb will be expected to perform<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>whether the individual wants the limb to look as real as possible or is more concerned with function (golf specific)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If it&#8217;s thought that an individual would find it difficult to withstand the strain of using a prosthetic limb, a cosmetic limb may be recommended. This is a limb that looks like a real limb, but it cannot be used like a prosthetic limb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#8217;s&nbsp;possible to have a prosthetic limb that&#8217;s both physically realistic and functional, but there may have to be an element of compromise between the different types.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"DELeadLegDriverFront\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-DEd4J9zqac?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Lead Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"DELeadLegDriverDTL\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/07b7kmAFMBs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Lead Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"DELeadLegFWBack\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xBGF0UdRjcc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Lead Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Trail leg Function<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Trail Leg Player with Prothesis\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Zjtn36-0BP8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Trail Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Trail Leg Player - Driver DTL\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/LaQ8i8L3ReU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Trail Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Trail leg player Driver Front233\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UNg9WnGYPQM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Trail Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Trail leg player Driver DTL233\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/IcUB_GaznuE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Trail Leg player &#8211; with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Trail Leg Player with Prothesis\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/s4LycfZYyUo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Chad Pfeifer (USA) &#8211; Trail leg player with prothesis<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">Consider the individual\u2019s physique, mobility, and application. Speak to the participant to understand their abilities and desires. This will allow you to better understand how these may affect their performance and the timeframe for achieving their goals in the game.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">Check the participant\u2019s range of movement, as this can vary greatly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22090-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1637\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22090-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22090-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22090-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22090-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22090-1568x1045.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22090.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<li>Constant and continual repetition and reinforcement can improve coordination and mastery but can cause skin breakdown. Talk to the participant about finding a good balance between repetition and changing the nature of the loading.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Participants may have a slower response time when initiating movement on command due to their prosthesis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The participant may have limb movement restrictions. Therefore, they need to improve their fundamental movement skills through drills.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be aware of any balance and coordination problems and consider these when prescribing any drills or game play.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22266-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1636\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22266-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22266-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22266-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22266-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22266-1568x1045.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22266.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<li>Consider their balance, coordination and strength as a starting point before introducing any sport-specific technical modelling.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lay down solid foundations to build upon, and keep it simple.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Discuss pain threshold and tolerance with the player to better understand specific issues and concerns, such as their pain management routine (e.g., use of medication). Using such knowledge and regular monitoring, it is possible to prevent or reduce the risk of aggravating an existing injury or creating future injuries. Where appropriate, make the necessary adjustments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-12-1024x694.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2554\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Further information on types of prothesis are available via EDGA partner &#8211; Ottobock &#8211; click on the image below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ottobock.com\/en-gb\/prosthetics\/prosthetic-legs\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-47-1024x500.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1695\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-47-1024x500.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-47-300x147.png 300w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-47-768x375.png 768w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-47-1536x750.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-47-1568x766.png 1568w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-47.png 1808w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Levels of amputation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mobility, range of movement, coordination, balance, and comfort vary greatly depending on the level of amputation. Generally, the more residual limb (stump length) an amputee has, the more mobile they will be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some common sites for amputation are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Partial foot or toe(s)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Syme\u2019s (through the ankle)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trans-tibial amputation (below the knee)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Knee disarticulation (through the knee)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transfemoral amputation (above the knee)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hip disarticulation or hemipelvectomy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bilateral lower-limb loss<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Partial hand or finger(s)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wrist disarticulation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Below elbow<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elbow disarticulation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Above elbow<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shoulder disarticulation or fore-quarter<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bilateral upper-limb loss<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Multiple amputations.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1296\" height=\"1169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/amputation-1296x1168-body.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1616\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>General characteristics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mobility, range of movement, coordination, balance and comfort vary greatly depending on the level and cause of the amputation\/limb difference and individual player\u2019s may have a preference to play with or without their prothesis on.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Residual limbs (stump) can vary in quality (integrity) and length which may affect involvement and movement and would require specialised equipment &#8211; most golf club manufacturers are now more than competent in fitting players with bespoke equipment for limb differences.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Congenital amputees may have less stump pain, discomfort and soreness than those who have lost limbs through injury which may Impact on the length of time a player can<br>play or train for.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be mindful of fatigue in the arms and upper body, as well as blistering on the hands when using crutches. Sports gloves, blister plasters and additional padding on the<br>crutches (if used)can help mitigate the risk of developing blisters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22093-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1638\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22093-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22093-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22093-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22093-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22093-1568x1045.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/22093.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Amputee players have greater difficulty regulating body temperature because the ratio of surface area to body volume is different and could result in overheating. Coaches<br>must therefore ensure players wear suitable clothing and ample opportunities are provided for rehydration, rest and recovery.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Perspiration and volume change during activity can affect the prosthetic fit and comfort. Players may need time to adjust their socket during play, so time and an appropriate location need to be provided for this.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sockets &amp; Liners<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is socket technology?<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>A prosthetic socket is a crucial component in a prosthesis. It acts as the interface between the prosthetic technology and the residual limb. If it doesn\u2019t fit correctly, amputees can experience pain, sores and blisters, and the prosthesis will feel heavy and cumbersome. As a result, an amputees ability to move freely without pain may be compromised and they may not use their prosthesis at all. To help avoid this discomfort, various different methods of securing the prosthesis to the residual limb exist.<br><br>Maintaining a healthy residual limb can be challenging and a contributing factor to the overall comfort of the socket. To support this, a variety of prosthetics liners are available, each offering a range of specific benefits to suit the amputee\u2019s individual circumstances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>More detailed information on the various types of sockets and liners can be found via clicking on the image below<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ottobock.com\/en-gb\/prosthetics\/sockets\/varos\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3648\" height=\"3648\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/3584409.jpg.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1699\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/3584409.jpg.png 3648w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/3584409.jpg-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/3584409.jpg-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/3584409.jpg-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/3584409.jpg-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/3584409.jpg-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/3584409.jpg-2048x2048.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/3584409.jpg-1568x1568.png 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3648px) 100vw, 3648px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Varos Socket<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ottobock.com\/en-gb\/prosthetics\/sockets\/active-vacuum\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1760\" height=\"990\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2988783-169-col2989874_en.avif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1697\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Active Vacuum <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ottobock.com\/en-gb\/prosthetics\/sockets\/passive-vacuum\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/2465551.jpg.avif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1698\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Passive vacuum<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ottobock.com\/en-gb\/prosthetics\/sockets\/pin-lock\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/NUCdG59FExI_yRbN_OZuSGQNM42YvcTMh.avif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1701\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Pin Lock Systems<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ottobock.com\/en-gb\/prosthetics\/liners\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"501\" src=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-48-1024x501.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1702\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-48-1024x501.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-48-300x147.png 300w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-48-768x375.png 768w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-48-1536x751.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-48-1568x766.png 1568w, https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-48.png 1831w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Liners<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Motion Pattern Examples<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note the differences in swing direction and energy loading in the following videos. Note the changes in videos of players playing with various limb differences and amputation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Arm\/Upper Limb Function<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"MMLead ARMDriverFront\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TmTPL1ZrpbQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Lead arm player without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"MMLeadArm FrontIron\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6K9AD7GSx4Q?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Lead arm player without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"RASLeadArmIronDTL\" width=\"563\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/09eAwhJrriI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Lead arm player without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Lead Arm Player without Prothesis\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/G4zKqKn2UZs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Lead arm player without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Trail Arm Player without Prothesis (DTL)\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ICDEYwTyTMA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Trail Arm player &#8211; <\/em>without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"DGTrailArmDriverFront\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/G81JIncSBJk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Trail Arm player &#8211; <\/em>without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"DGTrailArmDriverDTL\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FVlcRXisnV0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Trail Arm player &#8211; <\/em>without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"APTrailArm Front\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-taBda6Jdus?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Trail Arm player &#8211; <\/em>without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"APTrailArm DTL\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UgNICyNwCKw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Trail Arm player &#8211; <\/em>without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"LFTETrail arm player Driver Front233\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/o8Z3hmym3Qo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Trail Arm player<\/em> &#8211; with prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"LFTETrail arm player Driver DTL233\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Sbai_ZUPrf4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><em>Trail Arm player<\/em> &#8211; with prothesis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"GSTrailArmIronFront\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4ahkZvU_0lI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Trail Arm player<\/em> &#8211; with prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"GSTrailArmDrivingIronDTL\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6sGcQfKdDgg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Trail Arm player<\/em> &#8211; with prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Player Stories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gain further insights to how golfers with limb difference and amputation play via the &#8216;EDGA Player Stories&#8217; &#8211; Click on the following images to read and listen to a selection of interviews.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edgagolf.com\/profiles\/38-tineke-loogman-3\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-11-1024x522.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2553\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Tineke Loogman &#8211; Trail Arm player with prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edgagolf.com\/profiles\/tl-sc-declan-burns\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-9-1024x656.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2551\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Declan Burns &#8211; Lead Arm Player<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-13-1024x547.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2555\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Gianna Rojas &#8211; Trail Arm player without prothesis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edgagolf.com\/profiles\/tl-sc-issa-nlareb\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-10-1024x694.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2552\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Issa Nlareb &#8211; Double Amputee<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edgagolf.com\/profiles\/36-andreasbrandenberger\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-15-1024x654.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2557\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Andreas Brandenberger &#8211; Double Arm limb difference player<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-14-1024x704.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2556\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">George Blackshaw &#8211; Lead Arm Player<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edgagolf.com\/profiles\/16-caroline-larsson\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-17-1024x676.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2563\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Caroline Mohr &#8211; Lead Leg player<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-16-1024x552.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2562\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Gordon Mclay &#8211; Lead leg player<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edgagolf.com\/profiles\/105-benedicte-finnema\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-18-1024x547.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2564\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Benedicte Finnema &#8211; Trail Leg player<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edgagolf.com\/profiles\/92-tero-peltola\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-19-1024x627.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2566\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Tero Petola &#8211; Trail Leg player<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Further &#8216;Player Stories&#8217; can be found via clicking on the image link below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edgagolf.com\/online\/profiles\/profiles.php?from=web24\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"2577\" src=\"https:\/\/edga.club.cpg.golf\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/Screenshot-20-1024x817.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2577\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>*This material remains the intellectual property of the EDGA Educational team and may not be distributed or used further without written consent from the EDGA Educational team.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An amputee cannot generate a muscular force to cause the prosthetic joint to rotate other joints. Most frequently, the player\u2019s hips must work significantly harder to enable the motion of a golf swing. For instance, a lower-limb amputee will not be able to push the leg from the ankle; instead, they will pull the leg&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/1-amputees-limb-difference\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">1: Amputees<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1608","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1608","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1608"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1608\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1844,"href":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1608\/revisions\/1844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.edgaonline.com\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1608"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}